Programme and Achievements of the Early Nationalists (Moderates)
ICSE · Class 10 · History & Civics
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See them allWhat were the three phases of the Indian National Movement and their time periods?
Answer
First Phase (1885-1905): Led by Early Nationalists/Moderates Second Phase (1905-1919): Rise of Extremists and mass movements Third Phase (1919-1947): Led by Gandhi and mass nationalism The first phas…
Who were the prominent Early Nationalist leaders?
Answer
Key Early Nationalist leaders included: • Dadabhai Naoroji - 'Grand Old Man of India' • Surendranath Banerjea - Founded Indian Association • Gopal Krishna Gokhale - Gandhi's political guru • Pherozesh…
Why were the early Congressmen called 'Moderates'?
Answer
Early Congressmen were called Moderates for three main reasons: 1. **Moderate Demands**: Their demands were not extreme but reasonable - like expansion of Legislative Councils, more Indian appointmen…
What were the main constitutional reforms demanded by Early Nationalists?
Answer
Constitutional Reforms demanded: • **Expansion of Legislative Councils**: Increase membership and powers, direct election by people • **Swaraj/Self-Government**: Demanded by Gokhale (1905) and Dadab…
What economic reforms did the Early Nationalists demand?
Answer
Economic Reforms demanded: • **Reduction in Land Revenue**: To help farmers and peasants • **Industrial Development**: Rapid growth of modern industries, use of Swadeshi goods • **Tax Reforms**: Ab…
Define Dadabhai Naoroji's 'Drain Theory'.
Answer
**Drain Theory**: Dadabhai Naoroji's economic theory explaining India's poverty. **Main Points**: • British rule was a heavy drain on India's poor resources • Indian wealth was being systematically t…
What methods did Early Nationalists use to achieve their goals?
Answer
Methods of Early Nationalists: • **Constitutional Means**: Petitions, memorandums, resolutions • **Public Education**: Annual sessions, meetings, speeches to create awareness • **Press Campaigns**: N…
What civil rights did Early Nationalists defend?
Answer
Civil Rights Defended: • **Freedom of Speech**: Right to express views without persecution • **Freedom of Press**: Abolition of press censorship, fought Vernacular Press Act • **Freedom of Assembly**…
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