The National Movement (During the First World War)
ICSE · Class 10 · History & Civics
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Get startedWhat were the two sides in the First World War?
Answer
The Allied Powers were Britain, France, Italy and Russia. The Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. These two groups fought the war from 1914 to 1918.
Why was India affected by the First World War?
Answer
India was a colony of England, so it was drawn into the war to protect British interests. Nationalist leaders opposed this because Indian soldiers were being used without public consent.
How did Early Nationalists react to the First World War?
Answer
They followed a conciliatory policy and hoped that Britain would grant India Swaraj after the war ended. Their approach was peaceful and based on expectation of reform.
What economic hardship did people face during the war years?
Answer
Prices doubled between 1913 and 1918 because of war expenditure. This caused severe hardship for common people, especially in daily life and household expenses.
What happened to crops and food supply after the war?
Answer
Crops failed in many parts of India in 1918-19 and 1920-21, causing acute food shortages. This was also accompanied by an influenza epidemic.
How many people perished due to famines and the epidemic according to the Census of 1921?
Answer
According to the Census of 1921, 12 to 13 million people perished due to famines and the epidemic. This shows the scale of the suffering during that period.
What is the Home Rule Movement?
Answer
The Home Rule Movement was a campaign for self-government within the British Empire. Its leaders used constitutional means and worked to create public support for Home Rule after the war.
Who started the two Home Rule Leagues in India in 1916?
Answer
One Home Rule League was started by Tilak, and the other was started by Annie Besant and S Subramanya Iyer. Both were formed in 1916.
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