The Partition of Bengal-The Rise of Assertive Radical Nationalism
ICSE · Class 10 · History & Civics
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Rise of Assertive/Radical Nationalism (1905-1919)
- By 1905, Early Nationalists' constitutional methods of appeals and petitions had failed to produce concrete results
- Young leaders like B.G. Tilak, Lajpat Rai, and Bipin Chandra Pal realized the futility of 'beggary' and loyalty to British
- They believed in more assertive/radical form of nationalism to achieve Swaraj
Principles and Objectives of Assertive Nationalists
- Central principle: 'Freedom is the birthright of every Indian' - wanted to drive English out of India
- Believed in supremacy of Indian culture and need to protect it from British influence
- Held English responsible for downfall of Indian culture and traditions
Methods of Assertive Nationalists
- Swadeshi: Promoting indigenous production and self-reliance, organized bonfires of foreign goods
- Boycott: Refusing to buy foreign goods, especially British products, to harm their trade
- National Education: Establishing schools and colleges independent of government control, using vernacular languages
Contributions of Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1856-1920)
- Known as 'Father of Assertive/Radical Nationalism in India'
- Born in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra in Brahmin family
- Organized Akharas and Lathi Clubs to make youth brave and patriotic
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