The Biosphere

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The biosphere is that part of the earth which supports life and is known as its organic realm. It includes all living organisms such as human beings, animals, and plants.

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The biosphere lies at the interfaces between the three inorganic realms of the earth: lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Life exists where these realms interact.

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It is the most important realm because it contains all forms of life, including human life, and supports living organisms through the interaction of land, air, water, and energy.

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About 1,000,000 animal species and 3,00,000 plant species are known to exist in the biosphere. Many more species may still be unknown.

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Human beings are one species of the biosphere called Homo Sapiens. They are part of the living world and interact with other forms of life.

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Ecology is the science studying interactions between life forms and the environment. These interactions include exchanges of matter, energy, and stimuli of various kinds.

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An ecosystem is the complex system of interactions between organisms and the physical environment in any unit of area. It is the relationship between living organisms and the non-living environment.

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The word eco comes from a Greek root meaning household. It suggests a place where different parts live together and interact in a functional way.