Marine Life and Deposits

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The total area from the sea coast to the greatest depth of the sea is known as marine environment. It includes the open water, the ocean floor, and all forms of marine life and deposits.

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The two principal realms are pelagic realm and benthic realm. Pelagic is the open ocean water mass, while benthic is the part of the ocean populated by organisms on the ocean floor.

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Pelagic realm refers to the open ocean environment and includes the entire mass of water. It is divided into neritic province and oceanic province.

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Benthic realm refers to that part of the ocean which is populated by organisms. It is divided into littoral zone and deep sea zone.

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Neritic province has a depth of 200 metres and is the most populated marine area. It has shallow depth, low salinity, less turbulent motion, and more plant nutrients. It receives most of the sunlight …

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Oceanic province is more than 200 metres deep. It has an upper lighted zone and a lower dark zone. The water is clear and has no terrestrial sediment. It also shows great geographic distribution and r…

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Littoral zone is the benthic zone characterised by high and low tide levels. It has plenty of animal food and supports isopods, gastropods, crustaceans, and fishes.

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Deep sea zone extends from 200 metres depth to the deepest trenches. It has uniformly low temperatures of 1°C to 5°C and persistent darkness. Most organisms are carnivorous and feed on organic debris …