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The Two Europes, East and West since 1945

ICSE · Class 12 · History

Quick revision notes for The Two Europes, East and West since 1945 — ICSE Class 12 History. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

44 questions44 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Europe after 1945: division and recovery

  • In 1945 Europe was in turmoil, with widespread destruction and even the victorious powers facing financial difficulty.
  • The Marshall Plan dispute helped divide Europe into two from 1947.
  • Stalin’s iron curtain became the symbol of the division between eastern and western Europe.
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2. Western Europe: cooperation and integration

  • Western cooperation began with the OEEC in 1948, the first initiative towards economic unity in western Europe.
  • NATO was created in 1949 as a mutual defence system.
  • The Council of Europe was also set up in 1949 as the first attempt at political unity in western Europe.
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3. Britain and western European unity

  • Britain was slow to support European unity because many politicians feared loss of sovereignty.
  • Britain did not join the EEC at first and later faced French vetoes.
  • Britain finally entered the EEC on 1 January 1973 along with Eire and Denmark.
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4. France, de Gaulle, and the Fifth Republic

  • France under the Fourth Republic was politically weak, with 25 governments in 12 years.
  • De Gaulle created the Fifth Republic constitution and gave Algeria independence.
  • He built a French nuclear deterrent and withdrew France from NATO command in 1966.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Europe split into two from 1947The OEECThe ECSCThe CAP gave subsidies to farmersStalin tried to make the satellite

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in The Two Europes, East and West since 1945 for ICSE Class 12 History?
Key topics in The Two Europes, East and West since 1945 include Chapter Overview: The Two Europes since 1945, Flowchart showing how the Marshall Plan divided Europe into those accepting American aid and those under Soviet control, Mind map showing the various factors contributing to Western Europe's rapid economic recovery. These are the concepts ICSE Class 12 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in The Two Europes, East and West since 1945 — ICSE Class 12 History?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 44 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

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