Medieval India (A) The Cholas

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The Chola Empire arose in the ninth century and became one of the most powerful kingdoms in the southern part of the Indian peninsula.

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Vijayalaya established Chola rule in Tamil land in the middle of the ninth century, and Thanjavur was his capital.

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Parantaka I was Vijayalaya’s grandson and became king after his death. He conquered Madurai and defeated the Pandyas and the rulers of Lanka.

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Chola inscriptions are found as copper-plate grants, stone inscriptions, and inscriptions on temple walls and pillars. These records help reconstruct Chola history.

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They record administration, gifts to temples and brahmanas, temple construction, royal orders on taxation and land revenue, village assembly decisions, and even legal judgements. They also preserve fo…

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The Uttaramerur inscription gives information about village administration, taxation, and land revenue in the Chola period.

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The Leyden grant is a copper-plate grant of Parantaka Chola. It is called the Leyden grant because it is preserved in the Museum of Leyden in Holland.

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The Tiruvalangadu copper plates record Rajendra Chola’s gift of Palaiyanur village to the Tiruvalangadu Siva temple. They are a set of 31 copper plates with a royal seal.