Medieval India (D) Composite Culture

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Composite culture was a new Indo-Islamic culture formed through the interaction of Turks and Indians. It was neither purely Persian nor entirely Indian, but a fusion of the best elements of both.

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The establishment of the Delhi Sultanate towards the beginning of the 13th century marked the beginning of a new phase in the cultural development of the country. It opened the way for closer contact …

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The two phases were the Sultanate phase and the Mughal phase. The Sultanate phase marked the fusion of Indian traditions with Turkish culture, and the Mughal phase marked the consolidation of this com…

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Bijak is the compilation of the verses of Kabir. It is an important source of composite culture because Kabir's teachings promoted equality, devotion to God, and harmony among communities.

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Kabir was a poet-saint and a disciple of the Bhakti saint Ramananda. He was born in the mid-15th century to a Brahmin widow, abandoned near a tank in Benaras, and rescued and brought up by the Muslim …

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The three main sections of Bijak are Sakhi, Ramaini, and Shabda. Sakhi is in couplet form, Ramaini is usually longer and based on a musical raga, and Shabda is the loosest metrical form.

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Kabir taught that there is only one God, though He may be worshipped under many names. He also taught that all men are equal before God and rejected caste distinctions, idol worship, empty rituals, an…

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Kabir taught that devotion to God and good actions are the only means of salvation. He believed that a person must be free from dishonesty, insincerity, and hypocrisy to reach God.