Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues
NIOS · Class 10 · Science & Tech
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1. Cell as the Basic Unit of Life
- Robert Hooke discovered the cell in 1665 by observing cork under a simple microscope.
- He named the small compartments cells.
- The cell theory was formulated by M J Schleiden in 1838 and T Schwann in 1839.
2. Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
- All cells have cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.
- Prokaryotic cells do not have a well-organized nucleus.
- In prokaryotic cells, nuclear membrane is absent.
3. Parts of a Typical Eukaryotic Cell
- The three basic parts of a cell are cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.
- The cell membrane is thin, delicate, and selectively permeable.
- The cell membrane protects the cell, maintains shape, and allows only selected substances to pass in and out.
4. Plant Cell and Animal Cell
- Plant cells are larger and rectangular.
- Animal cells are smaller and oval.
- Cell wall is present only in plant cells and is made of cellulose.
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