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Revision Notes

Chemical Bonding — Revision Notes

NIOS · Class 10 · Science & Tech

Chemical Bonding revision notes for NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech: 4 topics in quick points. Part of the NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech syllabus.

42 questions37 flashcards9 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A step-by-step diagram illustrating the formation of an ionic bond between a sodium atom and a chlorine atom, showing the transfer of an electron from Na to Cl to form Na+ and Cl- ions, and their subs
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Key Topics to Revise

1

1. Why atoms combine

  • Noble gases are non-reactive because they have stable electronic configurations.
  • Except helium, noble gases have 8 electrons in the outermost shell.
  • Helium is the exception with 2 electrons in the outermost shell.
2

2. Ionic bonding and ionic compounds

  • Ionic bonding is formed by transfer of electron from a metal to a non-metal.
  • The positively charged ion formed is called a cation.
  • The negatively charged ion formed is called an anion.
3

3. Properties of ionic compounds

  • Ionic compounds are crystalline, hard, and brittle solids.
  • They have high melting and boiling points because strong electrostatic forces must be overcome.
  • Sodium chloride has melting point 1074 K (801°C) and boiling point 1686 K (1413°C).
4

4. Covalent bonding and covalent compounds

  • Covalent bonding is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
  • A covalent bond forms when attraction and repulsion balance and potential energy is minimum.
  • Hydrogen molecule forms by sharing one electron pair.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Atoms tend to attain 8 electronsAn ionic or electrovalent bondSodium has electronic configuration 2In solid sodium chlorideIonic compounds are crystalline

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Chemical Bonding for NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech?
Key topics in Chemical Bonding include Why atoms combine, Ionic bonding and ionic compounds, Properties of ionic compounds, Covalent bonding and covalent compounds. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the NIOS Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Chemical Bonding for the NIOS Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Chemical Bonding. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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