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Chemical Bonding

NIOS · Class 10 · Science & Tech

Quick revision notes for Chemical Bonding — NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

42 questions37 flashcards5 concepts

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A step-by-step diagram illustrating the formation of an ionic bond between a sodium atom and a chlorine atom, showing the transfer of an electron from Na to Cl to form Na+ and Cl- ions, and their subs
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Key Topics to Revise

1

1. Why atoms combine

  • Noble gases are non-reactive because they have stable electronic configurations.
  • Except helium, noble gases have 8 electrons in the outermost shell.
  • Helium is the exception with 2 electrons in the outermost shell.
2

2. Ionic bonding and ionic compounds

  • Ionic bonding is formed by transfer of electron from a metal to a non-metal.
  • The positively charged ion formed is called a cation.
  • The negatively charged ion formed is called an anion.
3

3. Properties of ionic compounds

  • Ionic compounds are crystalline, hard, and brittle solids.
  • They have high melting and boiling points because strong electrostatic forces must be overcome.
  • Sodium chloride has melting point 1074 K (801°C) and boiling point 1686 K (1413°C).
4

4. Covalent bonding and covalent compounds

  • Covalent bonding is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
  • A covalent bond forms when attraction and repulsion balance and potential energy is minimum.
  • Hydrogen molecule forms by sharing one electron pair.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Atoms tend to attain 8 electronsAn ionic or electrovalent bondSodium has electronic configuration 2In solid sodium chlorideIonic compounds are crystalline

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Chemical Bonding for NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech?
Key topics in Chemical Bonding include Chemical Bonding Overview, Chemical Bonding Overview, Chemical Bonding Overview. These are the concepts NIOS Class 10 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Chemical Bonding — NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 42 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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