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Location, Extent and Physical Features of India — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 10 · Geography

What Location, Extent and Physical Features of India covers in ICSE Class 10 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

42 questions34 flashcards5 concepts

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A map of India showing its latitudinal and longitudinal extent, the Tropic of Cancer, and the Indian Standard Time (IST) meridian. Key coordinates and the north-south/east-west extents should be label
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 10 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in Location, Extent and Physical Features of India

1

Location and Extent of India

  • India extends from 8°N to 37°N latitudes and from 68°E to 97°E longitudes.
  • The area of India is 3,287,240 sq km.
  • The precise coordinates of India are Lat. 8°4'N to 37°6'N and Long. 68°7'E to 97°25'E.
2

India and Neighbouring Countries

  • India is separated from the rest of Asia in the north by the Great Himalayas, forming an insulated compartment.
  • In the south, south-west, and south-east, India is washed by the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal respectively.
  • Immediately across the northern border lies the Tibet plateau, home to Kailash and Mansarovar Lake.
3

Physical Divisions of India

  • The physical geography of India is divided into five main parts: the Himalayan Mountains, the Great Plain of North India, the Peninsular Plateau, the Coastal Plains, and the Islands.
  • These physical divisions influence climate, settlement, farming, transport, and natural resources.
  • The Himalayas form the northern wall of India and include several parallel ranges and offshoots.
4

The Himalayan Mountains

  • The north wall of the Himalayas is divided into three parts: the North-West Range, the Northern Himalayan Range or Northern Arc, and the North-East Himalayan Range or Purvanchal.
  • The North-West Range is a series of mountain ranges radiating from the Pamir Knot, known as the Roof of the World.
  • The North-West Range includes Hindukush, Kunlun, Karakoram, and Ladakh and Zaskar.

Key Concepts

Central concept: India's location, extent, neighbours, and physical divisions shape its geography, climate, rivers, and resources

Location and extentStandard timeIndia and neighbouring countriesWhy India is called tropicalPhysical divisions of IndiaHimalayan MountainsNorth-West RangeNorthern Arc

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Location, Extent and Physical Features of India for ICSE Class 10 Geography?
Key topics in Location, Extent and Physical Features of India include Location and Extent of India, India and Neighbouring Countries, Physical Divisions of India, The Himalayan Mountains. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Location, Extent and Physical Features of India for the ICSE Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Location, Extent and Physical Features of India. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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