Chemical Coordination and Integration — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 11 · Biology
42 flashcards for Chemical Coordination and Integration (ICSE Class 11 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is a hormone?"
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What is a hormone?
Answer
Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals that act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts. They carry signals through the blood to target organs and help control body functions.
What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?
Answer
Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts or channels that carry them outside the body or into body cavities. Endocrine glands have no ducts; their hormones flow directly into the bloodstream.
Why are hormones called chemical messengers?
Answer
Hormones are called chemical messengers because they are released by one gland, travel through the blood, and bring instructions to specific target organs. They regulate metabolism, growth, reproducti…
Where is the pituitary gland located and how much does it weigh?
Answer
The pituitary gland is suspended by the infundibulum in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone. It weighs about 0.5 to 1.0 g in man, and slightly more in pregnant women.
What are the two major parts of the pituitary gland?
Answer
The pituitary has the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary, with an intermediate zone called pars intermedia in between. The anterior pituitary is the adenohypophysis and makes about three-f…
Which hormones are secreted by acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary?
Answer
Acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary secrete growth hormone and prolactin. These are the two hormones produced by acidophils.
Which hormones are secreted by basophil cells of the anterior pituitary?
Answer
Basophil cells of the anterior pituitary secrete ACTH, TSH, FSH, and LH. These are the four basophil hormones of the anterior pituitary.
Why are FSH and LH called gonadotropins?
Answer
FSH and LH are called gonadotropins because they act on the gonads. FSH influences gamete formation, and LH controls ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males.
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