Russia, 1894-1917 — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 12 · History
36 flashcards for Russia, 1894-1917 (ICSE Class 12 History) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "Why was Nicholas II’s Russia both powerful"
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Why was Nicholas II’s Russia both powerful and vulnerable at the same time?
Answer
Russia looked powerful because it had a standing army of 1 million men, vast territory, and a Romanov tradition dating from 1613. It was also vulnerable because the empire was huge, diverse, and diffi…
Define autocracy in the context of Nicholas II’s rule.
Answer
Autocracy means rule by one person with very little or no political limitation. Under Nicholas II, supreme power belonged to the Emperor of All Russia, and no law could come into existence without his…
What kind of ruler was Nicholas II judged to be?
Answer
Nicholas II was judged as modest, inadequate, and rigid. He was personally devoted to family life and believed strongly in autocracy, but he lacked the qualities needed to rule effectively in a time o…
What happened at the Khodynka Field coronation in 1896?
Answer
The coronation celebration at Khodynka Field drew a crowd of about 500,000 people. Hundreds were trampled to death. This early disaster damaged Nicholas II’s image and was seen by many as a bad omen f…
What was the role of Konstantin Pobedonostev in Nicholas II’s upbringing?
Answer
Konstantin Pobedonostev was appointed Procurator of the Holy Synod in 1880 and served as a personal tutor to young Nicholas. He promoted a mixture of absolute autocracy, religious orthodoxy, and anti-…
How did Alexander III shape the succession of Nicholas II?
Answer
Alexander III was Nicholas II’s father and ruled with repression after the assassination of his own father, Alexander II. He died in 1894 at age 49 of kidney disease brought on by excessive alcohol co…
What was the position of peasants in Russian society?
Answer
Approximately 80% of Russia’s population were peasant farmers. Most peasants were poor, lived in villages, and depended on agriculture. Almost 70% were illiterate, though literacy was improving. Their…
Define obschina.
Answer
Obschina refers to peasant communes that owned land collectively. Individual peasants did not usually own land separately. The commune allocated strips of land and levied taxes, which kept peasant lif…
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