The spread of communism outside Europe and its effects on international relations — Flashcards

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The first communist state was set up in Russia in 1917. It became the starting point for the spread of communist ideas to other parts of the world.

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The Chinese Communist Party was formed in 1921, encouraged by the Russian Revolution. It later grew into a major force and triumphed under Mao Zedong in 1949.

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In 1949 Mao triumphed in China and Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan. China then became the second major country after Russia to become communist, which greatly strengthened the communist bloc.

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China invaded and occupied Tibet in 1951. A Tibetan uprising in 1959 was crushed, and Tibet remained under Chinese rule.

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Korea was divided along the 38th parallel by agreement between the USA and the USSR after Japanese defeat. The north was occupied by the Russians and the south by the Americans.

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South Korea was established in August 1948 with Syngman Rhee as president and Seoul as its capital. North Korea was established the following month under Kim Il Sung with Pyongyang as its capital.

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North Korean troops invaded South Korea without warning in June 1950. The communist side wanted to unify the peninsula, and the attack turned Korea into a major Cold War battlefield.

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The UN called on North Korea to withdraw its troops and then asked member states to help South Korea. The USA and 14 other countries sent troops, and all forces were under American General MacArthur.