Conflict in the Middle East

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Wars and civil wars continued almost without break, and there was hardly any period when the whole region was at peace. The area was also affected by oil wealth, foreign intervention, Arab unity movem…

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Egypt, Sudan, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran, Turkey, the Yemen republics, the UAE, and Oman. Israel is also part of the region, though it is a Jewish state rather than an Ar…

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Turkey and Iran. Iran is not an Arab state; it is Persian, though many Arabs live near the northern Persian Gulf.

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Israel was set up by the United Nations in Palestine, which Arabs regarded as their homeland. Many Arabs blamed Britain and especially the USA for supporting the creation of a Jewish state. They refus…

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David Ben Gurion was a Jewish leader who pressed the USA to demand Jewish immigration in 1945. He later declared the independence of Israel in May 1948.

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It was Britain’s 1917 declaration of support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Arthur Balfour also promised that nothing would harm the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish com…

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Zionism was the movement that supported the idea of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine. The World Zionist Organization was founded in 1897 at Basle, Switzerland.

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The UN voted to partition Palestine and set aside roughly half of it for an independent Jewish state. This led directly to war after Israel declared independence in May 1948.