Jainism and Buddhism
ICSE · Class 9 · History & Civics
Complete topic list for Jainism and Buddhism in ICSE Class 9 History & Civics. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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1. Background: Why Jainism and Buddhism Rose
- The 6th century BCE was a period of rapid social, economic, and political change.
- Aryan settlements expanded eastward.
- Iron tools helped clear forests and increase cultivation.
2. Jainism: Mahavira, Teachings, and Sects
- Mahavira was born in Kundagrama near Vaishali in Bihar in the second half of the 6th century BCE.
- His father was the chief of a Kshatriya clan, and his mother Trishala belonged to the Lichchavi royal family.
- He was married to Yashoda to divert him from asceticism.
3. Buddhism: Buddha, Teachings, and Organisation
- Gautama Buddha was the founder of Buddhism.
- He belonged to the Kshatriya clan of Sakya.
- His childhood name was Siddharth.
4. Spread, Impact, and Decline
- Jainism spread through royal patronage, saints, local language, and appeal of austerity.
- Mahavira used Prakrit instead of Sanskrit so common people could understand him.
- Jainism influenced political, social, religious, literary, and artistic life.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Religious reform movements of the 6th century BCE in India
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