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Syllabus

The Sangam Age — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 9 · History & Civics

What The Sangam Age covers in ICSE Class 9 History & Civics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 9 History & Civics syllabus.

68 questions45 flashcards5 concepts

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A timeline illustrating the key periods and events of the Sangam Age, including the three Sangams and the revised dating based on Keeladi excavations.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 9 History & Civics · 2026-27

Topics in The Sangam Age

1

1. Sangam Age: Meaning and Literary Background

  • The word Sangam is the Tamil form of the Sanskrit Sangha, which means an assembly or an association.
  • The Sangam Age refers to the period when a large body of Tamil literature was composed by poets in three successive literary gatherings called Sangam.
  • These gatherings took place between the first century BCE and second century CE in the kingdom of the Pandyas.
2

2. Important Sources: Tirukkural and Megaliths

  • Tirukkural is one of the most celebrated works of the eighteen minor works of Sangam literature.
  • It was written by Thiruvalluvar, a Tamil poet and philosopher.
  • Tirukkural is considered as a compound of the teachings of Dharamashastra, the Arthashastra and the Kamasutra.
3

3. The Three Tamil Kingdoms

  • The Sangam poems mention the term muvendar, meaning three chiefs, for the rulers of Chera, Chola and Pandya.
  • The Chera capital was Vanji and their chief port was Thondi.
  • The Chera symbol on the flag was bow and arrow.
4

4. Local Chieftains and Patronage

  • Apart from the three kingdoms, local chieftains ruled in different parts of Tamil Nadu.
  • These chieftains were known as Velirs.
  • The most famous among the Velirs were called Seven Patrons or Kadaiyelu Vallalgal.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Sangam Age as the early historical period of Tamil literature, society, kingdoms, and economy in South India

Meaning of SangamThree Sangam gatheringsSangam literatureTirukkuralMegalithsChampakalakshmi's viewThree Tamil kingdomsChera kingdom

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in The Sangam Age for ICSE Class 9 History & Civics?
Key topics in The Sangam Age include Sangam Age: Meaning and Literary Background, Important Sources: Tirukkural and Megaliths, The Three Tamil Kingdoms, Local Chieftains and Patronage. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 9 exams.
How should I revise The Sangam Age for Class 9 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 68 practice questions on The Sangam Age. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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