Work, Energy and Power
NIOS · Class 12 · Physics
All formulas from Work, Energy and Power in NIOS Class 12 Physics. Key equations, constants, and identities for board exam preparation.
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Work Done by a Force
W = F·d·cosθ
W = F⃗ · d⃗ (dot product)
W = ΣF(x)·Δx (variable force)
W_gravity = mgh (downward motion) or W_gravity = -mgh (upward motion)
W_spring = ½kx²
Power
P = W/t = ΔW/Δt
P_instantaneous = dW/dt = F·v·cosθ
1 hp = 746 W
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
KE = ½mv²
W_net = ΔKE = KE_f - KE_i = ½mv₂² - ½mv₁²
p = mv and KE = p²/2m
Potential Energy
PE_gravity = mgh
PE_spring = ½kx²
F_spring = -kx (Hooke's Law)
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