Electric Current
NIOS · Class 12 · Physics
All formulas from Electric Current in NIOS Class 12 Physics. Key equations, constants, and identities for board exam preparation.
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Electric Current Basics
I_av = ΔQ / Δt
I = nAev_d
Ohm's Law, Resistance and Resistivity
V = IR ⟹ R = V/I
R = ρl/A
ρ = RA/l and σ = 1/ρ
R = R₀[1 + α(T − T₀)]
α = (R₂ − R₁) / [R₀(T₂ − T₁)]
Combination of Resistors
R_series = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ + ...
1/R_parallel = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃ + ...
R_parallel = R₁R₂ / (R₁ + R₂) [for two resistors only]
EMF, Terminal Voltage and Cells
E = V + Ir ⟹ V = E − Ir
I = E / (R + r)
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