Solid State — Flashcards
Tamil Nadu Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
34 flashcards for Solid State (Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What are the five general.
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What are the five general characteristics of solids?
Answer
1. Definite volume and shape 2. Rigid and incompressible 3. Strong cohesive forces between particles 4. Short inter-atomic, ionic, or molecular distances 5. Constituents have fixed positions and oscil…
What is the key difference between crystalline and amorphous solids?
Answer
Crystalline Solids: Constituents have long-range orderly arrangement. Definite shape, anisotropic, true solids, definite melting point. Examples: NaCl, diamond. Amorphous Solids: Constituents have sh…
Define isotropy and anisotropy in the context of solids.
Answer
Isotropy: Uniformity in all directions. Physical properties (refractive index, electrical conductance) have identical values regardless of measurement direction. Shown by amorphous solids and liquids.
List the four types of crystalline solids and give one characteristic for each.
Answer
1. Ionic Solids: High melting points, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved. Example: NaCl 2. Covalent Solids: Very hard, high melting points, poor thermal and electrical conductors. Example: …
What is a crystal lattice and a unit cell?
Answer
Crystal Lattice: The regular, three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules throughout a crystalline solid. It represents the repeating pattern of the crystal structure. Unit Cell: The s…
What is the coordination number in crystalline solids?
Answer
Coordination Number: The number of nearest neighboring particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) that surround a particular particle in a crystal. Examples by structure type: - Simple Cubic (SC): Coordin…
Distinguish between primitive and non-primitive unit cells.
Answer
Primitive Unit Cell: Contains only one type of lattice point (at corners only). Made up of lattice points at each of the eight corners of the cube. Non-Primitive Unit Cell: Contains additional lattic…
Calculate the number of atoms in a Simple Cubic (SC) unit cell.
Answer
In Simple Cubic Structure: - Corner atoms: 8 (each shared by 8 adjacent unit cells) - Body center atoms: 0 - Face center atoms: 0 Calculation: Number of corner atoms = 8 × (1/8) = 1 atom Total atoms …
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