Growth & Development - Early Child Care (0-5 Years)

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Growth refers to physical changes like increase in height and weight, which are measurable and irreversible. Development includes both physical and mental changes such as thinking, emotions, and socia…

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1. Fetal stage (conception to birth) 2. Infancy (birth to 1 year) 3. Early childhood (1–5 years) 4. Middle childhood (6–12 years) 5. Adolescence (13–18 years) 6. Early adulthood (20–40 years) 7. Middl…

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The cephalocaudal principle means development progresses from head to tail. For example, a baby gains control of the head first, then arms, and finally legs. This explains why infants can lift their h…

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The proximodistal principle states that development moves from the center of the body outward. For example, a child’s shoulders and arms develop control before the hands, and fingers are the last to g…

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Physical development helps children gain strength, coordination, and motor skills needed for daily activities like walking, eating, and playing. It also supports brain development and overall health d…

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A 3-year-old begins to use language more clearly, asks questions, remembers simple stories, and engages in pretend play. They start solving simple problems, like fitting shapes into a puzzle, showing …

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A 4-year-old starts playing with other children, shares toys, takes turns, and follows simple rules in games. They begin to understand others' feelings and respond appropriately, showing improved soci…

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Emotional development is the ability to recognize, express, and manage emotions. For example, a 2-year-old may cry when frustrated but by age 5 learns to use words to express feelings like anger or ha…