Perspectives of Adulthood — Flashcards
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Community Science (Home Science)
30 flashcards for Perspectives of Adulthood (Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Community Science) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are the three stages of adulthood based on age?
Answer
1. Early Adulthood: 18–40 years<br>2. Middle Adulthood: 40–60 years<br>3. Late Adulthood: 60 years and above.
Why is adulthood considered a period of adjustment?
Answer
Adulthood involves new life patterns, social expectations, and roles like marriage, parenting, and career responsibilities. Individuals must develop new attitudes, interests, and values, making it a c…
How does age affect nutrient requirements?
Answer
Nutrient needs change with age. Growth-related needs decline until adulthood. In older adults, metabolism slows, and physical activity decreases, reducing energy needs. However, needs for certain nutr…
Why do males generally need more energy than females?
Answer
Males have more muscle and glandular tissue, which are metabolically active, while females have more adipose (fat) tissue, which is less active. This difference in body composition leads to higher Bas…
How does climate influence energy needs?
Answer
In colder climates, the body uses more energy to maintain body temperature, increasing BMR. In tropical regions, BMR is lower. Thus, energy needs are higher in temperate zones than in tropical areas.
How does body size affect energy requirements?
Answer
Larger bodies have more muscle and glandular tissue to maintain, requiring more energy. A tall, thin person has a higher surface area and BMR than a short, fat person of the same weight.
What role does the thyroid gland play in energy needs?
Answer
The thyroid gland controls metabolism. In hyperthyroidism, BMR increases; in hypothyroidism, BMR decreases. Thus, thyroid activity directly affects energy requirements.
How does illness affect basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Answer
During fever or infection, body temperature rises, increasing BMR and energy needs. Malnutrition lowers BMR due to reduced metabolic activity.
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