Land use and Agriculture
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Geography
Complete topic list for Land use and Agriculture in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Land use and Agriculture
Land Use Pattern in India
- Total geographical area of India is 32.88 lakh sq km.
- Net Sown Area (NSA) is about 46.11% of total reporting area.
- Forest cover is 23.45%, below the desired 33% for ecological balance.
Types of Agriculture in India
- Agriculture classified by water supply: Dryland, Wetland, and Irrigation agriculture.
- Dryland farming in areas with <80 cm rainfall – grows millets, pulses, bajra.
- Wetland farming in areas with >200 cm rainfall – grows rice, jute.
Cropping Patterns and Major Crops
- India has three cropping seasons: Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid.
- Kharif crops sown with monsoon (June-July), harvested in October – e.g., rice, cotton, maize.
- Rabi crops sown in October-November, harvested in March-April – e.g., wheat, mustard, barley.
Agricultural Development in India
- Green Revolution began in 1966 with introduction of HYV seeds, irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticides.
- Led to self-sufficiency in food grains, especially wheat and rice.
- Increased per hectare yield and reduced dependence on imports.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Land Use and Agriculture
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