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Ocean salinity and temperature

Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Geography

Complete topic list for Ocean salinity and temperature in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.

53 questions30 flashcards4 concepts

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3 Topics · Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography

Topics in Ocean salinity and temperature

1

Oceanic Temperature

  • Ocean water temperature is influenced by latitude, season, and depth.
  • Temperature decreases from the equator towards the poles due to the angle of solar insolation.
  • Surface temperature in equatorial regions ranges from 27°C to 28°C, while polar regions can be near freezing.
2

Oceanic Salinity

  • Salinity refers to the amount of dissolved salts in seawater, expressed in parts per thousand (ppt).
  • Average ocean salinity is 35 ppt (35 grams of salt per 1 kg of seawater).
  • Main salt is Sodium Chloride (NaCl), making up about 77.8% of total dissolved salts.
3

Distribution Patterns

  • Horizontal temperature distribution decreases from equator to poles.
  • Northern Hemisphere oceans are warmer due to less water coverage compared to the Southern Hemisphere.
  • Vertical temperature profile: rapid drop in thermocline, then stable in deep zone.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Ocean Salinity and Temperature

Oceanic TemperatureOceanic SalinityFactors Influencing Ocean TemperatureVertical Temperature ZonesProcesses of Heating Ocean WaterProcesses of Cooling Ocean WaterFactors Controlling Ocean SalinityDistribution of Salinity

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Ocean salinity and temperature for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography?
Ocean salinity and temperature covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Ocean salinity and temperature — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 53 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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