Industries: Agro- based (Cotton textiles & Sugar), Mineral Based (Iron and Steel), Forest – based (Paper & Pulp)
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Geography
Complete topic list for Industries: Agro- based (Cotton textiles & Sugar), Mineral Based (Iron and Steel), Forest – based (Paper & Pulp) in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Industries: Agro- based (Cotton textiles & Sugar), Mineral Based (Iron and Steel), Forest – based (Paper & Pulp)
Types of Industries
- Industries are classified based on the source of raw materials: agro-based, mineral-based, and forest-based.
- Agro-based industries use agricultural products like cotton, sugarcane, and jute as raw materials.
- Mineral-based industries rely on minerals like iron ore, coal, and limestone.
Agro-based Industries: Cotton Textiles and Sugar
- Cotton textile industry uses cotton as raw material and is concentrated in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu.
- Mumbai is called the 'Cottonopolis of India' due to favorable climate and port access.
- Sugar industry uses sugarcane and is located near sugarcane fields to prevent loss of sucrose during transport.
Mineral-based Industry: Iron and Steel
- Iron and steel industry is known as the 'basic industry' because other industries depend on it.
- Raw materials: iron ore, coking coal, limestone, and manganese.
- It is a heavy industry due to bulky raw materials and finished goods.
Forest-based Industry: Paper and Pulp
- Paper industry uses raw materials like bamboo, softwood, sabai grass, bagasse, and rags.
- Bamboo is the most common raw material (70%) in India.
- Sabai grass (15%) is used for high-quality paper; Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Industries and Their Classification
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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