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Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing

CBSE · Class 12 · Biotechnology

Quick revision notes for Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing — CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

56 questions80 flashcards5 concepts

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A comparison chart highlighting the differences between primary and secondary metabolites in terms of their functions, occurrence, and examples.
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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Core Ideas and Historical Background

  • Metabolites are chemical compounds formed by living organisms and are broadly of two types: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites.
  • Primary metabolites are produced directly from primary metabolic pathways and are linked to essential cellular functions such as growth and development.
  • Secondary metabolites are produced by different secondary metabolic pathways and often help in defence, stress tolerance, attraction of pollinators or dispersal agents, and protection against unwanted
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2. Bioreactor and Fermenter Design

  • At the industrial stage, bioprocesses are carried out in vessels called fermenters or bioreactors.
  • A bioreactor is an engineered vessel made of glass or steel that supports a biologically active environment under aseptic conditions.
  • A bioreactor must provide sterility, adequate air supply, uniform mixing, optimum temperature, and monitoring of pH and dissolved oxygen.
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3. Upstream Processing and Operating Conditions

  • A bioprocess has two main stages: upstream processing and downstream processing.
  • Upstream processing includes medium formulation, sterilisation, inoculum preparation, and optimisation of environmental conditions.
  • Culture media are prepared to support maximum growth and product formation.
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4. Modes of Bioprocess Operation

  • The three modes of bioprocess operation are batch mode, fed-batch mode, and continuous mode.
  • Batch mode is a closed culture system with a fixed initial amount of nutrients.
  • In batch culture, cells pass through phases of growth and convert substrates into product.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Primary metabolites are compounds produced directlySecondary metabolites are indirect products formedBioprocessing combines living systems and chemicalA bioreactor is an engineered vesselBioprocesses operate in batch

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing for CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology?
Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing covers several key topics that are frequently asked in CBSE Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing — CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 56 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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