Study of Acids, Bases and Salts
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
Summary of Study of Acids, Bases and Salts for ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Acids, bases and salts are common chemical substances found in daily life, industry and laboratories. Acids produce hydronium ions in water and are generally sour, bases produce hydroxyl ions and are generally bitter and soapy, and salts are formed when the hydrogen of an acid is partly or fully rep
Key Concepts
Acids are substances that furnish hydronium
Acids are substances that furnish hydronium ions in aqueous solution. Mineral acids such as HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4 are strong, corrosive and completely i
Basicity is the number of hydronium
Basicity is the number of hydronium ions or hydrogen ions furnished by one molecule of an acid in water. HCl is monobasic, H2SO4 is dibasic and H3PO4
A base reacts with hydronium ions
A base reacts with hydronium ions to form salt and water. Alkalis are a special class of bases that are water soluble and furnish hydroxyl ions as the
Acidity of a base is
Acidity of a base is the number of hydroxyl ions furnished by one molecule of the base. NaOH is monoacidic, Ca(OH)2 is diacidic and Al(OH)3 is triacid
The pH of a solution
The pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration. Pure water has equal concentrations of H3O+ and OH-, each 1 x 10^-7
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning, types and properties of acids, bases and salts
- Explain ionisation of acids and bases in water using equations
- Distinguish mineral acids from organic acids
- Classify acids by basicity and bases by acidity
- Identify alkalis as water-soluble bases
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