Agriculture in India - I: Introduction

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Agriculture is considered the backbone of the Indian economy because it supports food supply, employment, raw materials for industries, and export earnings. It contributes around 17-18% to GDP and pro…

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Net sown area means the area on which crops are grown at least once in a year. In India, it accounts for about 46.6% of the total cultivable area. It shows how important farming is in land use and how…

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Agriculture means the management of the environment to produce food. It includes growing crops and, in some cases, rearing livestock. In India, it has been practised since ancient times and remains a …

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India has three main crop seasons: Kharif, Rabi, and Zayad or Zaid. Kharif crops are grown with the monsoon, Rabi crops are grown in the winter season, and Zaid crops are grown in summer as extra crop…

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Kharif crops are sown in June after the arrival of rain, with ground preparation in April-May and harvesting in the beginning of November. Rabi crops are sown after the end of October or beginning of …

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Major Kharif crops include rice, maize, jowar, bajra, cotton, sesame, groundnut, pulses, and jute. These crops are generally grown during the rainy season.

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Major Rabi crops include wheat, barley, jowar, gram, oilseeds, and tobacco. These crops are generally grown in the winter season and harvested in March.

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Zaid crops are summer crops grown between the Rabi and Kharif seasons. Examples include rice, maize, groundnut, vegetables, fruits, and pulses. They are grown as extra crops in the summer season.