Agriculture in India - II: Food Crops — Flashcards

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Rice is the most important crop of India. It supports half of the Indian population and is the staple food of people in north-east and southern India.

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Rice grows well in warm regions and can be cultivated in both tropical and sub-tropical climates, provided temperature and water conditions are suitable.

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Deep fertile clayey or friable loam soil is ideal for rice. Black lava soil is also suitable because it can be puddled into mud and retains moisture well.

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Rice needs an average temperature of about 24°C, with a range of 16°C to 32°C. It needs 150 cm to 200 cm rainfall, flooded fields in the early growing stage, and plenty of sunshine.

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The three main methods are broadcasting, drilling, and transplantation. Broadcasting means scattering seeds by hand, drilling means dropping seeds through a bamboo shaft attached to a plough, and tran…

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Transplantation is considered the best method because seedlings are first raised in nurseries and then planted in flooded fields. It reduces seed wastage, removes weeds during re-sowing, and helps bet…

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It is a rice cultivation method that uses less but good quality seeds, raised nursery beds, row transplanting, and heavy manure use. It gives three times higher yields and has been widely adopted in m…

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The Green Revolution increased rice yield in some regions by using high-yielding variety seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation. It especially improved rice production in Tamil Nadu.