Mahatma Gandhi and the National Movement

Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali

Step 1: The Ali Brothers were Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali, who led the Khilafat Movement. Step 2: They started a powerful agitation against the British policy towards the Sultan of Turkey. Step 3: Gandhi supported their movement, which helped bring Hindu-Muslim unity in the freedom struggle. Step 4: They were arrested on charges of sedition for spreading discontent among people. Step 5: Options A, C, and D contain incorrect names - the actual leaders of the Khilafat Movement were specifically Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali.

Salt March

Step 1: Gandhi's march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi is famously known as the Salt March or Dandi March. Step 2: He started this march on March 12, 1930, with 78 followers to break the Salt Law. Step 3: At Dandi, he made salt from seawater, symbolically breaking the British monopoly on salt production. Step 4: This act launched the Civil Disobedience Movement and became a powerful symbol of resistance against British rule. Step 5: Options B, C, and D are incorrect - while the march was about freedom and independence, it is specifically called the Salt March because its primary purpose was to

Chauri Chaura incident

Step 1: The Chauri Chaura incident occurred on February 4, 1922, in a village in Gorakhpur district, UP. Step 2: About 3,000 peasants were in a procession when police opened fire on them. Step 3: In anger, the crowd attacked and burnt the police station, killing 22 policemen. Step 4: Gandhi was so shocked by this violence that he immediately suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement. Step 5: Options B, C, and D are incorrect - these events were causes that led to various movements, but only the Chauri Chaura incident led to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Harijans

Step 1: Gandhi called the untouchables 'Harijans', which means 'Children of God' or 'People of God'. Step 2: He considered untouchability as a curse to Hindu society and worked to remove this social evil. Step 3: He lived in their colonies and launched movements to remove restrictions imposed on them. Step 4: Gandhi wanted to keep them within the nation's fold and ensure they got respect worthy of human beings. Step 5: While options A, C, and D are terms used for the same community, Gandhi specifically used the term 'Harijans' to give them dignity and respect.