Fluid Pressure

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A fluid is a substance with no definite shape of its own, so it takes the shape of the container and can flow. Both liquids and gases are fluids.

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Solids resist shearing stress strongly, while fluids offer very little resistance to shearing stress. The shearing stress of fluids is about million times smaller than that of solids.

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Fluid thrust is the total normal force exerted by a fluid at rest on a surface in contact with it. Fluid pressure is the thrust exerted per unit area. Formula: p = F/A Here, p = pressure, F = thrust o…

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Given: F = 120 N, A = 0.30 m² Formula: p = F/A Step 1: p = 120 N / 0.30 m² Step 2: p = 400 N m⁻² Answer: 400 Pa Unit check: N m⁻² is the SI unit of pressure.

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SI unit of pressure: newton per metre squared (N m⁻²) or pascal (Pa) Dimensional formula: [M L⁻¹ T⁻²]…

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A fluid at rest cannot withstand tangential force. If a tangential force acted, the fluid would start flowing. Therefore, the force exerted by a fluid at rest on a surface is always perpendicular to t…

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Given: M = 50 kg, g = 9.8 N/kg, diameter = 1.0 cm, so r = 0.5 cm = 0.005 m Formula: p = F/A = Mg/(πr²) Step 1: F = Mg = 50 × 9.8 = 490 N Step 2: A = πr² = 3.14 × (0.005 m)² = 7.85 × 10⁻⁵ m² Step 3: p …

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Broad handles spread the force over a larger area, so the pressure on the hand is small. Pins and nails have pointed ends, so the area is very small and the pressure is large, which helps penetration.