Heat Engine : Second Law of Thermodynamics — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 11 · Physics
28 flashcards for Heat Engine : Second Law of Thermodynamics (ICSE Class 11 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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State the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
Answer
It is impossible to convert all the heat extracted from a hot body into work. Meaning: A heat engine must reject some heat to a sink. Continuous work is possible only when a sink is present.
State the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
Answer
It is impossible to transfer heat from a cold body to a hot body without expenditure of work by an external energy source. Meaning: Heat does not flow from cold to hot by itself. A refrigerator needs…
Why does the first law of thermodynamics not tell the direction of heat flow?
Answer
The first law only shows conservation of energy. It does not say whether a process is possible or in which direction heat will flow. Heat flow direction is determined by the second law, not the first…
What is a heat engine?
Answer
Any cyclic device by which heat is converted into mechanical work is called a heat engine. Main parts: source, working substance, and sink.
A heat engine takes 500 J of heat from the source and gives 350 J to the sink. Find the work done in one cycle.
Answer
Given: Q1 = 500 J Q2 = 350 J Formula: Q1 - Q2 = W Solution: W = 500 J - 350 J = 150 J Answer: 150 J…
A heat engine takes 1200 J from the source and does 300 J of work. Find the heat rejected to the sink.
Answer
Given: Q1 = 1200 J W = 300 J Formula: Q1 - Q2 = W So, Q2 = Q1 - W Q2 = 1200 J - 300 J = 900 J Answer: 900 J…
State the formula for efficiency of a heat engine.
Answer
Efficiency of heat engine: η = W/Q1 = (Q1 - Q2)/Q1 = 1 - Q2/Q1 Meaning: η = efficiency W = work done Q1 = heat taken from source Q2 = heat given to sink Unit: efficiency has no unit.
A steam engine delivers 5.4 × 10^8 J of work per minute and receives 3.6 × 10^9 J of heat per minute. Find its efficiency.
Answer
Given: W = 5.4 × 10^8 J/min Q1 = 3.6 × 10^9 J/min Formula: η = W/Q1 Solution: η = (5.4 × 10^8)/(3.6 × 10^9) η = 0.15 η = 15% Answer: 15%…
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