Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
ICSE · Class 12 · Biology
Flashcards for Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants — ICSE Class 12 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Explore the full setWhat are the 4 whorls of a flower from outside to inside?
Answer
Calyx (sepals) → Corolla (petals) → Androecium (stamens) → Gynoecium (carpels). Accessory = calyx + corolla. Essential = androecium + gynoecium.
Define Anthesis.
Answer
Anthesis = the time when a flower opens fully and becomes ready for pollination. Both pollen and stigma become receptive.
Distinguish Hypogynous, Perigynous, and Epigynous flowers.
Answer
Hypogynous: ovary superior, all parts below (mustard, tomato). Perigynous: ovary semi-inferior, cup-shaped thalamus (rose, plum). Epigynous: ovary inferior, parts arise above ovary (apple, cucumber, s…
What is Perianth? What is a Tepal?
Answer
Perianth = undifferentiated calyx + corolla found in monocots. Individual unit of perianth = Tepal. E.g., Tulip, Lily.
What is a dithecous, tetrasporangiate anther?
Answer
Dithecous: anther has 2 theca (lobes). Tetrasporangiate: each theca has 2 pollen sacs = 4 pollen sacs total per anther. Each pollen sac = 1 microsporangium. Standard structure for most flowering plant…
What are the 4 wall layers of a microsporangium (outside to inside)?
Answer
EEMT: Epidermis → Endothecium → Middle layers → Tapetum. Tapetum is the innermost and most important layer.
What is the function of the Tapetum?
Answer
Innermost anther wall layer. Secretes: (1) Callase — dissolves callose of tetrad, (2) Sporopollenin — via ubisch granules onto exine, (3) Pollenkitt — sticky coating, (4) IAA — growth hormone. Nourish…
What is Sporopollenin and why is it significant?
Answer
Sporopollenin is deposited on pollen exine. It is the most resistant biological substance — withstands acids, alkalis, high temperatures, and is non-biodegradable. This is why pollen grains are preser…
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