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Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses — Flashcards

ICSE · Class 12 · Physics

32 flashcards for Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses (ICSE Class 12 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.

39 questions32 flashcards8 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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32 Flashcards·
Sign conventionRefraction at spherical surfaceConcave spherical surface image natureConvex spherical surface image natureNumerical on spherical refractionPower of spherical surfaceFocus of a lens
Card 1Sign convention

State the coordinate geometry sign convention used for lenses and spherical refracting surfaces.

Answer

Origin: optical centre. Principal axis: X-axis. Distances to the right of the optical centre are positive. Distances to the left are negative. Distances upward from the principal axis are positive. Di…

Card 2Refraction at spherical surface

A spherical refracting surface separates a rarer medium of refractive index n1 from a denser medium of refractive index n2. State the refraction formula.

Answer

Refraction at spherical surface: n2/v - n1/u = (n2 - n1)/R. Here n1 is the refractive index of the rarer medium, n2 is the refractive index of the denser medium, u is object distance, v is image dista…

Card 3Refraction at spherical surface

A spherical refracting surface has relative refractive index n = n2/n1. State the simplified formula.

Answer

Refraction at spherical surface using relative index: n/v - 1/u = (n - 1)/R. Here n = n2/n1.

Card 4Concave spherical surface image nature

Why does a concave spherical refracting surface always form a virtual image for an object in the rarer medium?

Answer

For a concave surface, R is negative. Using n2/v - n1/u = (n2 - n1)/R, the image distance v also comes out negative for negative u. So the image forms in the first medium and is virtual. The image poi…

Card 5Convex spherical surface image nature

Why does a convex spherical refracting surface form a real image for an object in the rarer medium?

Answer

For a convex surface, R is positive. The refracted rays actually meet on the other side of the surface, so the image is real. For small aperture, all rays from the object meet at the same point I.

Card 6Numerical on spherical refraction

An object lies in the rarer medium with n1 = 1, n2 = 1.5, u = -30 cm, and R = +20 cm. Find the image distance v for a spherical surface.

Answer

Given: n1 = 1, n2 = 1.5, u = -30 cm, R = +20 cm. Formula: n2/v - n1/u = (n2 - n1)/R. Substitute: 1.5/v - 1/(-30) = (1.5 - 1)/20. So, 1.5/v + 1/30 = 0.5/20 = 1/40. 1.5/v = 1/40 - 1/30 = (3 - 4)/120 = -…

Card 7Power of spherical surface

State the power of a refracting spherical surface and explain the sign idea briefly.

Answer

Power of a refracting spherical surface = (n2 - n1)/R. A larger value means greater deviation of rays. The sign depends on the sign of R and on whether refraction is from rarer to denser or denser to …

Card 8Focus of a lens

What is the first focus of a lens?

Answer

The first focus is the point on the principal axis from which rays start in a convex lens, or towards which rays appear to go in a concave lens, so that after refraction they emerge parallel to the pr…

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses for ICSE Class 12 Physics?
Key topics in Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses include Sign Convention and Basic Geometry, Refraction at a Spherical Surface, Foci of a Spherical Refracting Surface, Lenses, Optical Centre, and Types. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How many flashcards are available for Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses?
There are 32 flashcards for Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses covering key definitions, facts and ideas. A few sample cards are shown on this page.
How should I revise Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 39 practice questions on Refraction of Light at spherical surfaces: Lenses. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

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