Capacitors and Dielectrics
ICSE · Class 12 · Physics
Flashcards for Capacitors and Dielectrics — ICSE Class 12 Physics. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Get startedState the definition of capacitance of a conductor.
Answer
Capacitance of a conductor: C = Q/V Meaning: it is the ratio of charge Q to the potential V produced. Unit: farad (F) Quick example: if Q = 2 C and V = 4 V, then C = 2/4 = 0.5 F.
What is 1 farad in SI units?
Answer
1 farad = 1 coulomb/volt Also written as 1 F = 1 CV^-1 Meaning: a capacitance of 1 F raises potential by 1 V when 1 C of charge is given.
Find the capacitance of an isolated spherical conductor of radius 0.20 m in vacuum. Use ε0 = 8.85 × 10^-12 F/m.
Answer
Given: a = 0.20 m, ε0 = 8.85 × 10^-12 F/m Formula: C = 4π ε0 a Step 1: C = 4π × (8.85 × 10^-12 F/m) × (0.20 m) Step 2: C ≈ 2.22 × 10^-11 F Answer: 2.22 × 10^-11 F = 22.2 pF…
Why is the capacitance of a conductor an intrinsic property and not dependent on the charge given?
Answer
Although C = Q/V, capacitance depends on the conductor’s size, shape, surrounding medium, and nearby conductors. The same conductor can have different Q and V values, but the ratio Q/V for that conduc…
A conductor is given 6 μC charge and its potential becomes 3 V. Find its capacitance.
Answer
Given: Q = 6 μC = 6 × 10^-6 C, V = 3 V Formula: C = Q/V Step 1: C = (6 × 10^-6 C) / (3 V) Step 2: C = 2 × 10^-6 F Answer: 2 μF…
State the capacitance of an isolated spherical conductor and its dependence on radius.
Answer
Formula: C = 4π ε0 a Meaning: capacitance is directly proportional to radius a. So, larger radius means larger capacitance. For a given spherical conductor, capacitance is minimum in vacuum or air.
Find the potential energy stored in a charged conductor of capacitance 4 μF when the potential is 200 V.
Answer
Given: C = 4 μF = 4 × 10^-6 F, V = 200 V Formula: U = (1/2)CV^2 Step 1: U = (1/2) × (4 × 10^-6 F) × (200 V)^2 Step 2: U = 0.5 × 4 × 10^-6 × 40000 J Step 3: U = 0.08 J Answer: 0.08 J…
Why does a dielectric reduce the electric field inside it?
Answer
When a dielectric is placed in an electric field, its molecules become polarised. Induced charges appear on its surfaces and create a field opposite to the applied field. So the field inside the diele…
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