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Adsorption and Catalysis

Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry

Quick revision notes for Adsorption and Catalysis — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Adsorption: Definition and Basics

  • Adsorption is the process in which molecules of a gas or solute are attracted and retained on the surface of a solid.
  • The substance that gets adsorbed is called the adsorbate; the solid that adsorbs is called the adsorbent.
  • Adsorption is different from absorption — in absorption, the substance penetrates the bulk, while in adsorption, it stays on the surface.
2

Types of Adsorption

  • There are two main types: physical adsorption (physisorption) and chemical adsorption (chemisorption).
  • Physisorption involves weak van der Waals forces; chemisorption involves chemical bond formation.
  • Physisorption is reversible, multilayered, and occurs at low temperature; chemisorption is irreversible, monolayered, and requires higher temperature.
3

Factors Affecting Adsorption

  • Nature and surface area of adsorbent: Porous and rough solids with high surface area adsorb more.
  • Nature of adsorbed gas: Easily liquefiable gases (like NH₃, SO₂) are adsorbed more than permanent gases (like H₂, O₂).
  • Temperature: Adsorption decreases with rise in temperature (exothermic process).
4

Adsorption Isotherms

  • Adsorption isotherms show the variation of adsorption (x/m) with pressure (p) at constant temperature.
  • Freundlich isotherm is empirical: x/m = k p^(1/n), where n > 1.
  • Logarithmic form: log(x/m) = log k + (1/n) log p — gives straight line when plotted.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Adsorption is the process inPhysical adsorption occurs due to weakFreundlich isotherm describes adsorption mathematically asA catalyst increases the rateIn homogeneous catalysis

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Adsorption and Catalysis for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry?
Adsorption and Catalysis covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Adsorption and Catalysis — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 47 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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