Chapter 38 of 41
Revision Notes
Biomolecules — Revision Notes
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
Biomolecules revision notes for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry: 4 topics in quick points. Includes Carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids.
52 questions35 flashcards5 concepts
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Key Topics to Revise
1
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or substances that yield such compounds on hydrolysis.
- They are classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides based on hydrolysis behavior.
- Monosaccharides cannot be hydrolyzed further; examples include glucose (aldohexose) and fructose (ketohexose).
2
Proteins
- Proteins are polymers of α-amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
- There are 20 naturally occurring α-amino acids; 10 are essential (must be obtained from diet).
- Peptide bond is an amide linkage formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another with loss of water.
3
Lipids
- Lipids are biomolecules insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like chloroform and ether.
- Simple lipids include fats, oils, and waxes; they are esters of fatty acids with glycerol or long-chain alcohols.
- Fats are triglycerides that are solid at room temperature (mostly saturated); oils are liquid (unsaturated).
4
Nucleic Acids
- Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides; two types: DNA and RNA.
- A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
- DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and bases A, T, C, G; RNA has ribose and A, U, C, G.
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Full NotesKey Concepts
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketonesProteins are polymers of αLipids are waterNucleic acids are polymers of nucleotidesEnzymes are globular proteins that act
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Biomolecules for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in Biomolecules include Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Biomolecules for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 52 practice questions on Biomolecules. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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