Chemical Kinetics — Revision Notes
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
Chemical Kinetics revision notes for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry: 4 topics in quick points.
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Key Topics to Revise
Rate of a Chemical Reaction
- The rate of a chemical reaction is defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time.
- Rate = Change in concentration / Time taken
- Units: mol L⁻¹ s⁻¹ or mol dm⁻³ s⁻¹
Rate Law and Order of Reaction
- Rate law expresses the relationship between reaction rate and concentrations of reactants.
- It is determined experimentally and cannot be predicted from balanced equation.
- General form: Rate = k [A]^x [B]^y, where x and y are orders with respect to A and B.
Zero, First, and Second Order Reactions
- Zero order: Rate is independent of reactant concentration. Unit of k is mol L⁻¹ s⁻¹.
- First order: Rate is directly proportional to concentration. Unit of k is s⁻¹.
- Second order: Rate proportional to square of concentration or product of two concentrations. Unit of k is L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹.
Effect of Temperature and Arrhenius Equation
- Reaction rate increases with temperature.
- For many reactions, rate doubles with 10°C rise in temperature.
- Molecules must possess minimum energy called activation energy (Eₐ) to react.
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