Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology
CBSE · Class 12 · Biotechnology
Summary of Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology for CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Recombinant DNA technology has transformed medicine, agriculture, and biological research. Its major applications include DNA fingerprinting for identification, transgenic organisms for useful traits and industrial production, gene therapy for correcting defective genes, recombinant vaccines for saf
Key Concepts
DNA fingerprinting compares inherited DNA variations
DNA fingerprinting compares inherited DNA variations to identify individuals. It was developed by Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 at the University of Leice
More than 90% of the human
More than 90% of the human genome is non-coding DNA. VNTRs are repeated DNA sequences that vary in number from person to person. Microsatellites have
Transgenic organisms carry a foreign gene
Transgenic organisms carry a foreign gene introduced by genetic engineering. The first GMO was a bacterium made by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen in
Transgenic plants are created by vector
Transgenic plants are created by vector-mediated or direct gene transfer. Agrobacterium tumefaciens naturally transfers DNA into plant genomes and is
Common methods include DNA pronuclear microinjection
Common methods include DNA pronuclear microinjection, embryonic stem cell-mediated gene transfer, and retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Transgenic an
Learning Objectives
- Understand the principle and uses of DNA fingerprinting
- Explain how transgenic plants and animals are created and used
- Describe gene therapy and its major approaches
- Recognise the main types of recombinant vaccines
- Identify important therapeutic products made using recombinant DNA technology
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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