The First World War (1914-18)
ICSE · Class 10 · History & Civics
Complete topic list for The First World War (1914-18) in ICSE Class 10 History & Civics. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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See them allTopics in The First World War (1914-18)
Nature and Character of the War
- The First World War began in 1914 and spread across the world.
- It was fought on land, in the air, on the sea, and under the sea.
- New methods of destruction and defence were used.
Causes of the First World War
- The main causes were the division of Europe into two hostile groups, the armament race, militant nationalism, imperialism, and the Sarajevo crisis.
- France was defeated in the Franco-Prussian War of 1871.
- After 1871, Bismarck kept France isolated diplomatically.
Immediate Cause: Sarajevo Crisis
- The Austrian Prince Archduke Francis Ferdinand was murdered in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914.
- The organiser of the assassination was the Black Hand or Union of Death.
- The Black Hand was a secret society of extremist Serbian nationalists.
Main War Fronts and Major Events
- The war was fought on the Western Front and the Eastern Front, and also involved Turkey and the USA.
- On the Western Front, German forces fought Britain, France, Belgium, and the USA.
- The Battle of Marne in September 1914 was a turning point because it failed German attempts to crush France.
Key Concepts
Central concept: The First World War was a global conflict caused by rival alliances, arms race, aggressive nationalism, and the Sarajevo crisis, and its results reshaped Europe and the world through peace treaties and the League of Nations.
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