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The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 10 · History & Civics

The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court topics: Need for an Independent Judiciary, Origin, Position and Composition, Appointment, Collegium System and NJAC.

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A diagram illustrating the single, integrated judicial hierarchy in India, with the Supreme Court at the apex, followed by High Courts, and then subordinate courts. It contrasts this with a double jud
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 10 History & Civics · 2026-27

Topics in The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court

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1. Need for an Independent Judiciary

  • An independent judiciary is essential in a federation because it gives a fair interpretation of the Constitution.
  • It also settles disputes between the Union and the states, and among states.
  • India has a single integrated judicial hierarchy for the whole country.
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2. Origin, Position and Composition of the Supreme Court

  • The Supreme Court of India is a legacy of the Federal Court of India under the Government of India Act of 1935.
  • Earlier, decisions of the Federal Court could be appealed to the Privy Council of the UK.
  • Now the Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal in India.
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3. Appointment, Collegium System and NJAC

  • Every Judge of the Supreme Court is appointed by the President after consultation with judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts.
  • While appointing judges other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of India must be consulted.
  • The CJI consults the four seniormost Judges of the Supreme Court before recommending appointments.
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4. Removal and Independence of Judges

  • Supreme Court judges cannot be removed by the President even though they are appointed by the President.
  • A judge can be removed only by impeachment.
  • Removal is based on proved misbehaviour or incapacity.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Supreme Court of India

Independent judiciary in a federationSingle integrated judicial hierarchySupreme Court as highest court of appealComposition and appointmentCollegium systemQualifications of judgesTerm and removal of judgesOriginal jurisdiction

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court for ICSE Class 10 History & Civics?
Key topics in The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court include Need for an Independent Judiciary, Origin, Position and Composition of the Supreme Court, Appointment, Collegium System and NJAC, Removal and Independence of Judges. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court for the ICSE Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 41 practice questions on The Union Judiciary The Supreme Court. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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