Plant Growth and Development
ICSE · Class 11 · Biology
Summary of Plant Growth and Development for ICSE Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Plant growth and development describe the life processes through which a plant increases in size, forms new structures, and changes from a simple embryo into a mature organism. Growth is an irreversible quantitative increase in size, while differentiation is the qualitative specialisation of cells,
Key Concepts
Growth is an irreversible quantitative change
Growth is an irreversible quantitative change in size. Development is the whole series of changes an organism passes through during its life cycle. De
Growth can be measured by increase
Growth can be measured by increase in length, diameter, volume, fresh weight, dry weight, area, or cell number. Common methods include direct measurem
Growth follows a sigmoid curve
Growth follows a sigmoid curve with three phases: initial lag phase, logarithmic or exponential phase, and stationary phase. Growth is slow at first,
The increased growth per unit time
The increased growth per unit time is growth rate. Arithmetic growth follows L_t = L_0 + rt. Geometric growth follows w_1 = w_0 e^(rt). Absolute Growt
Water
Water, oxygen, nutrients, temperature, light, soil conditions, pollutants, genetic factors, and hormones influence growth. Water supports cell enlarge
Learning Objectives
- Understand growth as irreversible quantitative change and differentiation as qualitative change.
- Describe how plant growth is measured using direct methods, horizontal microscope, and auxanometers.
- Explain sigmoid growth and its three phases: lag, exponential, and stationary.
- Differentiate arithmetic growth, geometric growth, AGR, and RGR.
- Identify the external and internal factors that affect growth.
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