Biomolecules
ICSE · Class 11 · Biology
Summary of Biomolecules for ICSE Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Biomolecules are the chemical substances present in living cells and tissues. They include inorganic materials such as water and salts, and organic compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins. Living matter contains a much higher
Key Concepts
The collection of various types
The collection of various types of molecules in a cell is called the cellular pool. It includes inorganic materials such as water, salts, and mineral
Micromolecules have molecular weight less than
Micromolecules have molecular weight less than one thousand dalton. Macromolecules have molecular size above 10,000 dalton. Micromolecules include wat
Primary metabolites include carbohydrates
Primary metabolites include carbohydrates, fats, amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Secondary metabolites include alkaloids, terpenoids, phenol
Carbohydrates are broadly defined as polyhydroxy
Carbohydrates are broadly defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones and their derivatives, or substances that yield one of these compounds on hydrol
Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot
Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be hydrolysed into smaller units. They possess a free aldehyde or ketonic group and two or more hydroxyl
Learning Objectives
- Understand the chemical composition of living cells
- Distinguish between micromolecules and macromolecules
- Classify carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and enzymes
- Explain the structure and functions of major biomolecules
- Describe amino acids, peptide bonds, and levels of protein structure
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