Morphology of Flowering Plants — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 11 · Biology
Summary of Morphology of Flowering Plants for ICSE Class 11 Biology. Part of the ICSE Class 11 Biology syllabus.
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Overview
Morphology studies the form, structure, colour, size, and relative position of plant parts. Flowering plants show a clear division of labour between the underground root system and the aboveground shoot system. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals, stems support leaves, branches, flo
Key Concepts
The root is a non
The root is a non-green, cylindrical, descending axis that grows downward from the radicle. Tap root develops from the radicle and persists as the mai
A typical root has a root
A typical root has a root cap, meristematic zone, zone of elongation, zone of maturation, and mature region. Root hairs arise in the maturation zone a
Tap roots may become fusiform
Tap roots may become fusiform in radish, napiform in turnip, conical in carrot, and tuberous in four o'clock plant. Adventitious roots may become tube
The stem is the ascending axis
The stem is the ascending axis and direct prolongation of the plumule. It has nodes and internodes, bears buds, leaves, flowers, and fruits, and branc
Rhizome is a thickened horizontal underground
Rhizome is a thickened horizontal underground stem with nodes, internodes, and terminal bud, as in ginger and turmeric. Corm is a condensed, stout, ve
Learning Objectives
- Identify the main external parts of a flowering plant and their functions.
- Distinguish between tap root, fibrous root, and adventitious root systems.
- Recognize major root modifications for storage, support, and respiration.
- Describe stem features and classify underground, sub-aerial, and aerial stem modifications.
- Explain the structure of a leaf, venation, phyllotaxy, and leaf modifications.
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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