Friction — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 11 · Physics
Summary of Friction for ICSE Class 11 Physics. Key concepts: Static friction is a self, Limiting friction is and Kinetic friction acts when two.
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Overview
Friction is the opposing force that comes into play when one body actually moves or even tries to move over the surface of another body. It acts along the contact surfaces and opposes the direction in which motion would begin or continue. Friction explains why moving bodies slow down, why brakes wor
Key Concepts
Static friction is a self
Static friction is a self-adjusting force that acts when a body is at rest but tends to move. It matches the applied force until it reaches its maximu
Limiting friction is the maximum value
Limiting friction is the maximum value of static frictional force that acts when a body is just about to slide. It is given by f_s^{max} = μ_s R.
Kinetic friction acts when two surfaces
Kinetic friction acts when two surfaces move relative to each other. It is given by f_k = μ_k R and is slightly less than limiting friction.
Rolling friction acts when a wheel
Rolling friction acts when a wheel, disc, or cylinder rolls over a surface. It is given by f_r = μ_r · R/r and is much smaller than sliding friction.
The coefficient of static friction
The coefficient of static friction is the ratio of limiting friction to normal reaction: μ_s = f_s^{max}/R. It is dimensionless and also equals tanθ_s
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning and origin of friction
- Distinguish between static friction, limiting friction, kinetic friction, and rolling friction
- Use the laws and formulas of friction in numerical problems
- Relate angle of friction and angle of repose to coefficient of friction
- Explain friction on horizontal and inclined surfaces
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