Individual Differences — Flashcards

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Individual differences refer to the extent and kind of variations or similarities among people on psychological aspects such as intelligence, personality, interest, and aptitude. These differences are…

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Individual differences occur due to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Some characteristics are inherited, while others develop through family, school, culture, peers, and life expe…

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Most people fall in the middle range of a characteristic distribution, with few people in the extreme categories. This means average traits are more common than very high or very low traits.

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Psychological assessment is the use of specific procedures for evaluating personal qualities, behaviours, and abilities of individuals. It helps describe how people are similar to or different from ot…

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A good psychological test should be reliable, valid, and standardized. Reliability means consistent results, validity means it measures what it intends to measure, and standardization means uniform ad…

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A test is reliable if it measures a given characteristic consistently. For example, a person should receive similar results when tested again under similar conditions.

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Validity refers to the degree to which a test assesses what it intends to assess. A valid personality test should measure personality and not some other trait.

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Standardization means establishing a uniform procedure for administering a test to all people under the same conditions. It also includes group norms so that one person's score can be compared with ot…