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Syllabus

Climate — Syllabus

NIOS · Class 10 · Social Studies

What Climate covers in NIOS Class 10 Social Studies: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the NIOS Class 10 Social Studies syllabus.

89 questions41 flashcards5 concepts

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A flowchart explaining the origin and mechanism of the Indian monsoon, detailing the differential heating of land and sea, formation of low/high pressure areas, attraction of trade winds, deflection b
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4 Topics · NIOS Class 10 Social Studies · 2026-27

Topics in Climate

1

1. Difference Between Weather and Climate

  • Weather is the state of the atmosphere over a small area at a particular time.
  • Weather can change within a day, such as rain in the morning and sunshine in the afternoon.
  • Climate is the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time, more than 30 years.
2

2. Factors Affecting the Climate of India

  • Location affects climate because places near the equator are hotter than places near the poles.
  • The Tropic of Cancer at 23½° passes through the central part of India, dividing the country into two heat zones.
  • Distance from the sea affects temperature: coastal areas have equable climate, while inland areas have extreme climate.
3

3. Monsoon: Meaning and Mechanism

  • The word monsoon is derived from the Arabic word Mausim, which means season.
  • Monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal in the wind direction during a year.
  • The complete reversal of wind direction from North-East to South West and vice-versa is known as monsoons.
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4. Characteristics of Monsoon

  • Monsoons are irregular in nature and do not blow steadily.
  • Monsoon arrival may be early or late.
  • Monsoons are not equally distributed across India.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Climate of India

Weather and ClimateFactors Affecting ClimateMonsoonAir Pressure and TemperatureMonsoonal TroughUpper Air CurrentsSeasons of IndiaCold Weather Season

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Climate for NIOS Class 10 Social Studies?
Key topics in Climate include Difference Between Weather and Climate, Factors Affecting the Climate of India, Monsoon: Meaning and Mechanism, Characteristics of Monsoon. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the NIOS Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Climate for the NIOS Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 89 practice questions on Climate. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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