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Syllabus

Physiography Of India — Syllabus

NIOS · Class 10 · Social Studies

What Physiography Of India covers in NIOS Class 10 Social Studies: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the NIOS Class 10 Social Studies syllabus.

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A map illustrating the major river systems of India, distinguishing between Himalayan (Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra) and Peninsular rivers (Mahanadi, Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri) and their m
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4 Topics · NIOS Class 10 Social Studies · 2026-27

Topics in Physiography Of India

1

1. Location of India

  • India's mainland extends between 8°4′N and 37°6′N and 68°7′E and 97°25′E.
  • The north-south extent is 3214 km and the east-west extent is 2933 km.
  • India lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere.
2

2. States and Union Territories

  • India has 28 states and 8 union territories.
  • New Delhi is the capital of India, while Delhi is the capital of the Union Territory Delhi.
  • Chandigarh is the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab, and also a Union Territory.
3

3. Major Physical Divisions of India

  • India is divided into six physical divisions: the Northern Mountains, the Northern Plains, the Peninsular Plateau, the Indian Desert, the Coastal Plains, and the Islands.
  • Topography means the natural features of a place.
  • Terrain means an area of land with a particular type of physical feature.
4

4. The Northern Mountains

  • The Northern Mountain region is divided into three groups: the Himalayas, the Trans-Himalayan ranges, and the Purvanchal hills.
  • The Himalayas are young fold mountains and form the highest mountain range in the world.
  • The Himalayas run for about 2500 km, with width varying from 400 km in the west to 150 km in the east.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Physiography of India

Location of IndiaStates and Union TerritoriesPhysical Divisions of IndiaNorthern MountainsHimalayasNorthern PlainsPeninsular PlateauIndian Desert

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Physiography Of India for NIOS Class 10 Social Studies?
Key topics in Physiography Of India include Location of India, States and Union Territories, Major Physical Divisions of India, The Northern Mountains. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the NIOS Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Physiography Of India for the NIOS Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 81 practice questions on Physiography Of India. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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