Biological And Cultural Bases of Human Behaviour — Flashcards

Answer

Evolution refers to the gradual change in species over time due to natural selection. In human behaviour, traits that help survival and reproduction—like larger brains, language, and tool use—have evo…

Answer

In evolution, 'fitness' means how well an organism can survive and pass its genes to the next generation. It's not about physical strength but reproductive success. For example, a person who avoids da…

Answer

Humans differ from other animals in three key ways: (1) a larger and more developed brain that enables thinking, memory, and language; (2) the ability to walk on two legs (bipedalism); and (3) having …

Answer

The basic unit of life is the cell. All living organisms, including humans, are made up of cells. Each cell contains cytoplasm, a nucleus, and is surrounded by a cell membrane. Cells work together to …

Answer

A human cell has three main parts: (1) the cell membrane, which surrounds and protects the cell; (2) cytoplasm, a fluid inside the cell where chemical reactions happen; and (3) the nucleus, which cont…

Answer

A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. It is the basic unit of the nervous system and helps in sensing, thinking, and …

Answer

The three parts of a neuron are: (1) Cell body (soma) – contains the nucleus and controls cell functions; (2) Dendrites – branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons; (3) Axon – a l…

Answer

A synapse is the junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted. The sending neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft (gap), which are then received by the next neuron. Th…