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Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 11 · Geography

What Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms covers in ICSE Class 11 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

45 questions42 flashcards5 concepts

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4 Topics · ICSE Class 11 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms

1

1. Endogenetic Forces and Diastrophism

  • Landforms are shaped by two broad groups of forces: endogenetic forces and exogenetic forces.
  • Endogenetic forces work from inside the earth and are responsible for major relief features.
  • These forces can cause rising and sinking of land, volcanoes, and earthquakes.
2

2. Folding and Faulting

  • Folding is the bending of horizontal layers of rocks.
  • Folding is caused by compression.
  • When two horizontal forces act towards a common point from opposite directions, rocks are bent into waves.
3

3. Mountains

  • Mountains are major second-order landforms formed mainly by internal forces.
  • A mountain is an uplifted part of the earth that stands conspicuously above the surrounding areas.
  • According to Prof. Finch, a mountain is that landblock whose height is atleast 900 metres above sea-level and its slope makes an angle of 25° to 35° with the horizontal plane.
4

4. Plateaus

  • A plateau is an elevated area compared to the surrounding land, with a large top surface and steep sides.
  • A plateau is often called table land.
  • According to P.G. Worcester, plateaus are highlands underlain by uplifted horizontal strata.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Endogenetic forces and the landforms they create

Endogenetic forcesDiastrophismEpeirogenetic forcesOrogenetic forcesFoldingFaultingMountainsPlate Tectonic Theory

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms for ICSE Class 11 Geography?
Key topics in Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms include Endogenetic Forces and Diastrophism, Folding and Faulting, Mountains, Plateaus. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 45 practice questions on Endogenous Processes and Associated Landforms. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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